Fabrics can be cut depending on their air permeability and layering. Air-impermeable fabrics are typically cut in a single layer, as the initial layer prevents air from reaching subsequent layers. These fabrics can be cut in multiple layers by compressing them under a foil, allowing for simultaneous cutting of several layers. There are three main types of equipment for cutting fabrics: economical machines suitable for prototypes and small quantities, industrial machines with toothed drives, and HighSpeed industrial machines with linear drives. These machines can be equipped with automatic feeding and unrolling systems, as well as conveyor systems for material retrieval and movement to the receiving area.
Special fabrics, such as tarpaulin and laminated fabric, can be cut even if they are air-impermeable using waterjet technology. This method employs a stream of water without abrasives, ensuring high cutting efficiency and cleanliness. Waterjet cutting is particularly useful for materials that may melt or cause problems with the knife sticking. Additionally, these cutting plotters can handle leather, leather-like materials and other coated materials for both clothing and technical applications.